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How to Solo a Student Pilot

Outline:


 

Eligibility Requirements for Student Pilots (FAR § 61.83)

  • Age: Must be at least 16 years old.

  • Language Proficiency: Must be able to read, speak, write, and understand English.

  • Medical Certification: Requires a 3rd Class Medical or BasicMed, unless pursuing a Sport Pilot certificate.


Student Pilot Application (FAR § 61.85)

  • English Proficiency Test: CFIs must test students to ICAO Level 4 for English proficiency.

  • Application Process: CFI submits the application through IACRA or paper form.

  • Certification Delivery: Student pilot certificate is emailed in a few days, with a plastic card mailed later.


Solo Requirements for Student Pilots (FAR § 61.87)

  • Knowledge Test: The instructor must administer and review a knowledge test covering:

    • Relevant sections of FAR Part 61 and 91.

    • Local airport and airspace procedures.

    • Flight characteristics and operational limitations of the aircraft.

  • Flight Training: The student must demonstrate satisfactory proficiency in several areas, including:

    1. Preflight planning, takeoffs, landings.

    2. Traffic patterns, turns, climbs, descents.

    3. Emergency procedures and engine malfunctions.


Solo Flight Checklist

  • Requirements:

    1. Valid Student Pilot Certificate.

    2. 3rd Class Medical or BasicMed.

    3. Completed and reviewed knowledge test.

    4. Proficiency in the "15 items" listed in FAR § 61.87.

    5. 90-day endorsement for the specific aircraft make and model.

  • Logbook Endorsement: Instructor must endorse the student’s logbook for solo flight.


Night Solo Requirements (FAR § 61.87(o))

  • Training: Night flight training and navigation must be completed.

  • Endorsement: Instructor must provide a specific endorsement for night solo.


Additional Solo Endorsements (FAR § 61.87(p))

  • After the initial 90-day period, an additional endorsement is required, with the instructor confirming continued proficiency


General Limitations for Student Pilots (FAR § 61.89)

  • Restrictions:

    • Cannot carry passengers or fly for compensation.

    • Cannot fly at night with less than 5 miles visibility.

    • Must maintain visual reference to the surface.

  • Instructor Limitations: Instructors can impose additional limitations on solo flight, such as wind or time constraints.


Student Pilot Solo Cross-Country Requirements (FAR § 61.93)

  • Local Solo: Student pilots can fly within 25 nm of their home airport but cannot land at another airport without an endorsement.

  • Cross-Country Endorsement: Instructor must fly with the student over the route and confirm proficiency before granting the endorsement.


Endorsements

  • The document references AC 61-65H for detailed endorsement examples, including solo, night, and cross-country endorsements.


 

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